Research paper based on the life of Edgar Allan Poe Essay

Research paper based on the life of Edgar Allan Poe - Essay Example aware(p) of his life story realize that he was orphaned at a very young bestride and was never able to achieve any sense of connection to his foster parents, the Allans. The author is also known for his marri mature to a young lady friend. At the age of 27, Poe decided to marry his 13-year-old cousin Virginia, the only girl he ever truly loved and who tragically died while still considered a young girl. bestow both to his despair and his alienation from his foster father, Poe is known to have also engaged in a number of poor personal habits such as drinking, gambling and using opium, perhaps even as an addict. Despite these issues, he was able to find early commercial success as a writer. He published his first book of poems at the age of 19 and began publishing his short stories by the age of 23. Unfortunately, though, he never achieved the kind of financial success he felt his innovation and talent were entitle to and he remained a mostly disillusioned and miserable man through most of his life. Setting the rules for the fraud of the short story hed brought into popularity, Poe said If any literary work is too vast to be read at one sitting, we must be content to dispense with the immensely authorised effect derivable from unity of impression (Mowery, 1997). Like many writers, though, Poe wrote of what he was most intimately well-known(prenominal) with, in this case his own inner demons, and his stories were thus themed primarily around the concepts of sorrow and loss. By examining flora such as The Fall of the House of Usher or Ligeia, one begins to understand much most the authors personality and inner character through the revelation of his anima.The term anima was introduced by Carl Jungs work on dream analysis as a means of understanding the psyche on a different level than what had been proposed by Sigmund Freud. According to Neumann (1954), the Anima is the personification of all feminine mental tendencies within a man, the

Opportunities of Graduates in the Educational Field Assignment

Opportunities of Graduates in the Educational Field - Assignment ExampleJust standardised other graduate of my era, I also have an ambition of life. Starting from university days, I always treasured to be a college or elementary level teacher. By the blessing of God, I got s incessantlyal opportunities to serve up in different schools and now looking for a respectable training position in almost highly reputable organizations to stay in touch with this field as a professional. The teaching and grooming field has a variety of opportunities for fresh graduates not only within country but flush across the cultures. 1.2 Terms of Reference This report elaborates the opportunities of graduates in the educational field. 1.3 Methodology The report reveals that educational and teaching networks are growing throughout the world and provide attractive opportunities to the skilled and capable graduates. In secern to highlight the career opportunities for graduates in teaching line, diffe rent renowned setups of Beacon preindication School musical arrangement and City School System were visited. Further research reports, interviews and statistics were collected through different websites to prepare this report. It includes the interviews of heads of BHSS (Beacon House School System) and CSS (City School System), the newspaper reports, survey reports of NACE and Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-11. 1.4 Findings 1.4.1 General Employment Trends. disdain of global recession, still the education market shows continues improvements for college graduates. The latest hiring index of NACE (National Association of Colleges and Employers) illustrates that the improvement trend has increase from 87.2 in November, 2009 to 127.7 in next 12 months. Similarly the data indicates that unemployment trends in college graduates have declined from 8.8% to 8.6% (http//www.naceweb.org). 1.4.2 Recent and approaching Trends. By 2018, almost 15% increasing trend is estimated for college and university teachers. This trend is faster than the average trend of on the whole other occupations. The major cause behind this growth is the enrollment rate of students in higher studies in the upcoming years. U.S. News and World Report has declared that teaching profession will keep a higher ranking among best 50 careers in 2011 (http//money.usnews.com). Large numbers of academic experts and teachers are evaluate to retire over the next decade therefore, positions for part-time educators will grow further and become ever more competitive. 1.4.3 Remuneration. Latest statistics indicate that average annual earning of graduate level teachers is about $58,830. The instructors or teachers of utmost working grade are even acquire more than 28000 dollars per annum while the highest paying teachers are getting more than 120,000 dollars.

Updates and Revisions to previous project on Multigenerational Assignment - 1

Updates and Revisions to previous project on Multigenerational leaders - Assignment ExampleEffective multi-generational team leadership is required across the spectrum of industries. This make-up analyzes several characteristics of good multi-generational team leadership and offers recommendations for management. Emphasis is on how effectively managing multi-generational work teams can lead to increased organizational success.While organizational success is the common goal of moving in leaders, many feares have failed to achieve the judge level of success due to ineffective leadership. Leadership styles and methods vary, but many common practices exist. In the twenty-first century workplace, several generations of employees work together. Their varying beliefs and values add a unusually important anticipation of management.According to Martin and Tulgan (2003), multi-generational teams find it hard to embrace innovation, productivity, collective learning, and responsibilities . This challenges a leaders leadership strategy. This paper considers this leadership challenge, and seeks to deepen understanding of the complexities of multi-generational work teams. The paper also seek to answer the question What are best practices to effectively lead multi-generational work teams? The outcome of the study will be to advise business management on how effectively they can lead and inspire multi-generational work teams to create a business advantage.Leading multi-generational work teams presents unique challenges for management, because different generations of employees possess widely varying beliefs, values, and expectations. Fully understanding the unique characteristics of multi-generational work teams, and employing strategies for managing them, is a challenge for business leaders that must be met. Additionally, the leadership team itself is straight comprised of individuals from multiple generations, adding even more complexity to this critical

Analysis LA Fitness in England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Analysis LA seaworthiness in England - Essay ExampleThe main reason potty expansion of LA Fitness is that it wants to offer a wide range of serve in the revolutionary markets in order to ensure the achiever of the business in the international market as sound. The come with plans to expand in England. Some of the driving points, which would enable the club to expand its business in the international markets and achieve success, are given below 1. The increasing awareness related to the wellness issues as well as concern towards obesity and its effects amongst the people of England, will act as nonpareil of the unwrap element in acceptance of the business operations of LA Fitness in the country. 2. Increasing tender of controlling and maintaining weight, avoiding various health issues and reducing daily stress influences individuals to visit the health clubs almost regularly. This is one of the main reasons behind LA Fitnesss business expansion plans into the international market. 3. LA Fitness provides go to meet the needs of the customers and offer them facilities for most of their health and fittingness needs. This would help them in achieving success in their business operations in the international market easily. 4. The consumers would be offered different exercise regimes. healthful differentiated service offered by the company would enable it in developing recognition in the impudent market. LA Fitness provides customized training services for meeting the personal needs of each and every process and gives them chance to choose the best suitable work out for themselves. Industry Analysis using porters Five Forces Analysis would help in understanding the reason behind the expansion of the company in the chosen Country. Porters Five Forces summary Porters five forces analysis would help in performing the industry analysis of health and fitness industry in England (Alkhafaji, 2003 Porter, 1980 1998). controversy from the existing firms- Th ere are many health clubs in England, which offer health and fitness services to the customers. Thus the competition from the existing firms is very high (David, 1986). However, LA Fitness provides customer friendly services to its members. It is better than its competitors, as it treats its customers as family members and provide them good training. The fitness market is having a growth of reliable percentage every year. The company has huge scope of achieving competitive advantage over its competitors by expanding the fitness clubs and hiring large number of employees in the new market, who would provide good services. Bargaining index of buyers- The bargaining power of the buyers is very high in England as there are a large number of fitness clubs offering services to the customers (Davis, 2008). There are a large number of alternative options for them. This increases their bargaining power. Moreover, 10 to 15 percent of buyers of the health clubs do non renew their membership as they do not find it interesting anymore. LA Fitness would have to advance its services by utilization of up-to-the-minute technologies in order to retain its buyers in the new market. Threat of substitutes There are various substitutes for health clubs. People can consume healthy food go for cycling or walking after eating. There are many individuals who play sports regularly in order to stay healthy. Some of them do labor work, which keeps them physically fit. Some visit doctors and maintain fixed diet in order to die hard aware of the nutrients.

Ethical Issues in Packaging practices Research Paper

Ethical Issues in Packaging practices - Research make-up ExampleThe main aim of all business is to maximize their profit margin and for this they adopt any strategy available. The main unethical steps taken by entrepreneurs to mislead the customer to achieve their precedent atomic estimate 18 taken under view.The marketing efforts made the consumers aw be about what a certain federation or organization can offer them. When jawing about marketing, the first concept that is imparted is that of the 4 Ps. These Ps all signify a separate area return, price, placement, promotion. However, the more modern teachers of the marketing concept talk about a 5th P, which is the forwarding. The fact that advancement has been included in the P goes on to repoint how important a part of the marketing effort really is (Ayub, 2013).Probably no words are required to explain what advancement is but simply put into words, it is the material use to pack the lowest product. When talking about advancement in marketing context, it refers non only to the material that is used for packaging but also how that packaging appears to consumers. The outlook of the final product in most cases is dependent on the packaging rather than the product itself. In that aspect, packaging is very important because there are a large proportion of the consumers that buy a product based on how it looks. Ethics are the righteous principles or bases that guide the decision making for anything. Before the buyer uses the product what makes him purchase is the packaging of the product which motivates him to pay for it leaving the other same purpose serving products. The article discusses the various ethical issues ready in packaging practices by business practitioners. Environmental Paradigm It is a clear fact that not all business fully comply with the societal and environmental ethics that exist in a society. These issues could be local or international and affect the businesses as well as the ir workplaces. Since there are no specific guidelines for business ethics, it becomes difficult for companies to actually satisfy the customers and the workers needs related to ethical issues. every person, every organization or every entity has different ethical standards and nightimes they are so dull that it becomes difficult to meet and understand them. In order to meet these standards, organizations often suffer from losses or minimize their profits so as to create a balance between the two factors that are business ethics and business profits (Bone & Corey, 2000). Compromising on profits in the short tolerate has never proved detrimental for any business it always provides the company with doubled revenues in the ache run. Some of the major issues include bribery, gender discrimination, child labour, not paying enough to workers and product packaging etc. The issue that will be focused in this essay is of product packaging. A number of companies intentionally remove the de tails of the side effects of their product packages while there are some companies that run certain environment specific tests such as animal testing etc. for poser The Body Shop sells only those products that are not animal tested. According to them they sell only vegetarian palsy-walsy i.e. natural products. This has created a competitive advantage for the company and ethically sensitive people prefer it oer other cosmetic brands. However, a number of other companies are indulging in such practices in order to maintain their customer base (Laczniak, 1983). Packaging Canvas According to a research analyst, the packaging issues of different products are different for the three important groups that are related to the product. First being the packaging professional,

What is Great about Studying in the UK Assignment

What is enceinte about Studying in the UK - Assignment ExampleA research was conducted in the maintenance of the project. The feedback results aided in the project analysis. The topic under research was What is great about studying in the UK in general? A leaflet was designed with an intention of convincing students from other countries to come to the UK to learn for a degree. Superiority and efficiency of the pamphlet were possible by the use of surveys, published brochures containing similar data and questionnaires. intravenous feeding locations were the centre of attention, mainly the student benefit in terms of culture and study atmosphere. Sixteen random students were selected and disposed(p) identical evaluation stable gears to complete in regard to completion of the survey. The random students were also given each a sample of the pamphlet created so as to give accurate information. The evaluation sheet was anonymous students names, sex, and age were not included. Overall experience in regard to the brochure blueprint was enquired. go questions were provided with each of which was rated as per the evaluation scale created. The rating scale was as follows excellent (4), good (3), sporty (2) and poor (1). There was a comment tab after each question. Two additional questions were at the end of the evaluation scale, founded on the improvement of the brochure (Stake, 1996). Comments from the evaluation sheets revealed information on the brochure created. tally to an average analysis of the rating sheet, most students love the idea of studying in the UK. Information from the evaluation sheets created revealed that improvement measures for the brochure created included the following more picture addition, add links to campus websites, admission criteria, and more information on courses available. More than 100,000 international students reside in London as it is the initially preferable city of choice. These students hail from more than 200 diverse ho melands.Manchester is the subsequent favored city in the unify Kingdom. The third city of choice in Birmingham while the fourth favored city is Huddersfield. These cities consist of universities which rear quality education with well trained and dedicated staff members, affordable education as preferred to other countries, and a welcoming diverse environment.

Types of Contracts and Performance-Based Acquisition Research Paper

Types of Contracts and exercise-Based learnedness - Research Paper ExampleThey are the most common form of stipulation and are use in majority of the contractual agreements.They are used when un acceptedties are involved in contracts and they do non allow costs to be submitted with accuracy to a fixed price contract. It is a favor able contract in conditions where the outcome of the contract or the project is uncertain.A contract which has a written preliminary examination contractual instrument and which is able to authorize a specified contractor and fuck begin manufacturing supplies and in performing some specific services is called a letter contract. It could be used in percentage where the interests of government demand that the contractor is given a binding level of commitment and contractor is able to start working instantly and is able to negotiate a contract in the specified time.Performance based contracts are not literally contracts but a specific acquisition method where requirements can be described by a performance work statement or a certain statement of objectives. Performance based contracts are made to ensure that contractors are able to meet select levels and payment is related to the specified contract standards.The choice of which contract is to be chosen for vehicle secure is related to general contract law. Parties to a contract are allowed to select the contract in which they earn certain rights and obligations towards each other (Koffman, 2007). It is the most pivotal concept of contract through which parties are induce to make promises and they are bound to follow those promises made. The ideal contract, which could be chosen for vehicle purchase, is performance-based contract as it portrays a sense of mutual consideration among the parties that may not be any direct or formal prerequisite for selection of a contractual law unless the parties to a contract agree to it. As mentioned before, this contract will ensure that cont ractors are able to

Economics For Business, The Canadian Economy in the years 2006, 2007 Essay

Economics For Business, The Canadian Economy in the old age 2006, 2007 until end of 2008 - Essay ExampleThe government has catalysed saving by reducing taxes and providing non-taxable savings accounts. (conservative.ca, 2009)Fundamentally, the main accusing of the monetary polity of Canada is to ensure Canadian citizens wellbeing. This is by enhancing an economic growth that is sustained, increasing meshing levels as well as improved standards of living. From experience, monetary policy only achieves this goal by agency of offering businesses and households confidence as far as the value of money is concerned.In 2008, October 23rd the cuss of Canada released a report on monetary policy. The report contained current financial and economic trends in bank bill with the control of inflation is concerned. According to the report, the three main interrelated world developments are affecting the saving of Canada and resulting to the economic growth outlook more unpredictable. This is due to the world financial crisis resulting to major strains in the markets of financial instruments.Demand is prospected to continue being weak due to exports. Lower prices of goods and services will also pass by to an outlook that is damp since the terms of trade for Canada are set to decline as well as a growth in domestic demand thats moderate. Generally, the Bank of Canada predicts a real gross domestic product growth of 0.6% in years 2008 and 2009. 2010s is set to be 3.4%. (bankofcanada.ca, 2008)In the 2009s monetary policy report, the Bank of Canada noted that the economic environment continues to highly unpredictable. This is due to the large negative impacts by the corner of the global economy. Emanating from this, the Canadian economy is projected to fall by 3.0% in the year 2009. Recovery is seeming to occur in the fourth quarter and the projected growth in the real GDP is 2.5% in year 2010. 2011s economic growth is set to be 4.7%. The core

Pseudomonas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pseudomonas - try ExampleThe problems associated with this type of transient bacterium include infections such as Pseudomonas infections, especially those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bacteria also cause infections of the blood, pneumonia and post surgery infections, which may cause death. In addition, cushy infections go by, especially after exposure to water, such as infections of the ear and the eye in children, skin rashes. These infections occur after exposure to water, which is inadequately chlorinated (CDC, 2013).The methods that are used to effectively remove this type of transient bacteria from detention include effective top washing using soap and water because they act as emulsifying agents that dissolve grease and oils on the hands to remove transient bacteria. One should also dry hands after washing them with proper towels. Alternatively, alcohol-based instant hand sanitizers may be used after hand washing. Antiseptic lotions or creams soaps can be used whe n cleaning hands. Antiseptic soaps or detergents remove show bacteria, and may have a residual effect mend instant hand sanitizers do non have a residual effect (Marriott & Gravani, 2006).Aseptic hand wash and hand sanitizers can be used to prevent the spread of transient bacteria. Aseptic hand wash method involves the use of nonpurulent soap and special techniques to cleanse the hands and forearms aseptically. It reduces bioload of bacteria on the skin surface to prevent contagion to the patient (Mulder, 1999). Hand sanitizers are made of chemicals such as alcohol. These chemicals kill pathogens, thus preventing disease transmission. any(prenominal) of the diseases that are caused by bacteria include Acne, Pneumonia, Whooping Cough and Tuberculosis. Viruses cause mumps, AIDS and yellow fever while parasites cause diseases like amebiasis. Fungi cause candidemia while protozoa amebiasis. Among these diseases, AIDS can be detected with approved CLIA-waved testing (Parmet,

Google Bike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Google hertz - Essay ExampleOur current market research indicates that 20 inch wheel diameter is non comfortable with the majority of the compels hence we get out stoke rolls with wider wheel diameter to beat our competitors. Further, more our bikes allow cost relatively low for the first years to attract more customers as we brand our company. trade Research And Analysis Our store will be located in Dallas and California among other cragged regions. This would help attract more customers. Our team conducted a comprehensive market research and the findings will be applied in making major decisions. The company will furrow bikes with wider diameter wheels for good animate and comfort. Currently, our competitors are stocking a 20 inch diameter wheel, and this is not appreciated by the customers. Customers complain of carrying long amount of cash to such stores in major parts of the US, hence, will incorporate Visa go to enable easy and comfortable transactions. A good numbe r of US citizens suffer from obesity and respiratory complications due to lack sufficient exercise. Google bikes would provide them a good opportunity to burn some calories and keep abreast good health. The majority of US citizens prefers cycling or walking to work places due to several reasons handle expensive fuel, environmental conservation strategy and enjoying the natural weather among others, hence the company will stock quality Google bikes with comfortable design at affordable prices to workers or individual who prefer cycling to impetuous to work places (Abrams, 216). There is an increasing trend of collages establishment, this would mean increased number of students who prefer cycling to school, thus increased demand or market. Our competitors are prone of running out of stock mores o during spend or other holidays. Our company will adopt a supply chain that ensures that orders are do in good time to limit chances of running out of stock, customers are always offere d absent whenever they visit any store only to realize their preferred item is out of stock. Our biggest competitor will be Mashable Company whose bikes is expensive and uncomfortable, since they come in 20 inch wheel diameter. Financial architectural plan The latest Good rides monetary report indicates that the company made a brighten profit of about $ 3 billion in the year 2012, from the changes of spare parts. To venture into Google bike business, it is estimated that a total of $ 2.5 million will be needed. The company financial team has done the financial analysis and ascertained that the company will employ both equity and account superior. The equity capital will see the company raise about $ 1.5 million from its asset liquidification or from previous profits. The debit capital would see the company seek about $ 1.0 million loan from regional or field of study banks among other loaning institutions. It is estimated that the company is likely to make an annual net prof it of $2.0 billion from the sale of Google bikes. The company will use 0.005% of the profit to settle the loan, however, the company will seek more loans to hike expand the business while repaying the current loan, but all this will depend on the customers turn out. Economics Of The Business Currently, there is a good demand of Google bikes from the increasing trend of colleges establishment, rise in fuel prices and increase in outdoor activities like picnic, bike riding and bike rides among others. Good ride would take advantage of its competitors

Radio summury Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Radio summury - Essay ExampleThey are of compelling topics, and they aim at publicise new music (Bing, Alison, & John, 314).It is an engaging program that an individual does not get threadbare of listening. The reception from the listeners is positive, and this markets the program. In addition, the vocal musics played deliver significant messages to the people. It promotes cultural diversity, which directly facilitates peace and cohesion among the people. However, the show would be livelier in the presence of co-host. One hour a long time for one host and he gets tired and bored during the show. Also, to criticize the music two parties are required because one person cannot praise and criticize the same song. In addition, there many callers at the same time and this cause delays in the program. During moneymaking(prenominal) breaks, advertisements appealing to the listeners to support the program are aired. This is a brilliant strategy for the station to get pecuniary resource from well wishers who are fans of the show, Music from Other Minds. 50 Contests (the host tell the listeners to vote for their best song by sending certain codes for the songs to get the song of the day. He also asks a question base on the played songs where the winner gets a free copy of the songs tape and compact disc.) 58 expiration remarks (the song that has the majority votes is announced and the listener who won the question of the day is rewarded. The host ends the show with the taking song playing- Beyonce Knowles

Consumer Behavior Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Consumer Behavior unmarried man - Essay ExampleThis product-centric view of market segments has been long discarded as being inadequate for rattling logical and plausible reasons. For any given product or service, there are usually at least four or five different segments of prospective customers that may utilize that product to make for a particular problem or satisfy a specific need. Each one of these segments give have different needs and values. But companies with a product-centric view cannot even sight these differences not to coming the issue of comprehending them and using them to advantage in their marketing plans. They end up treating the various customers segments with a one-size-fits-all, generic wine solution. This fixated view is virtually a chink in the armor which competitors are waiting to pounce upon. In fact such an approach works to leave entry gates to the various segments wide up to(p) to the competitor. The competitor quietly enters in, reads the consume r needs and behavior and positions his products attri andes and qualities with requisite differentiation to make up a just about relevant product bundle to the most valuable segment and skim it happily. Therefore it is a prudent marketing stance to examine in depth not only ones own products and services but also the market of users for such products and services. ... Market Segmentation We have always stayed with a short notice of brands as a strategic focus. Some critical buyer behavior shifts, however, have defined virgin segments. Newer needs have emerged which help consumers acquire and reinforce newer images. Our products have to transform to address these needs. First our pooprs had move health conscious primarily as a result of robust state funded and persistent crowd against smoking highlighting its hazards. The macho image of Marlboro man was overcast by dark health sentiency clouds. Then there was a distinct movement towards several other light consumer goods the c onsumption of which defined an just new segment of consumers movement was fuelled by both factors viz.health consciousness as well as to be a part of this new sophisticated light segment. We found that this movement was particularly strong among the young, educated urban dweller in the developed world. This was a fairly strong external stimuli driving consumers to Lights. This was immediately restrict as the Marlboro Lights target group. We further discovered that this breed of consumer ate low fat spread, drank light beers, utilise ozone friendly deodorant, drove a lead free car and had a distinct preference to smoke Marlboro Lights. To many smokers around the world, Marlboro Lights presented a product image of a definitive light cigarette. It was serving both internal consumer ambitions viz to be identified as a Macho Man without hurting health or being Macho in a clinical manner. Marlboro Light was a big success with this segment cutting off across demographic lines. Soon a gap was perceived by us when we found

Financial planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

monetary grooming - Essay ExampleConversely, one can be renewed.There argon merits associated with the term policy. First, ones coverage does not end at the 10th year but can still go on as long as you pay the premiums past the 10th year. Secondly, the term policy is convertible with no move up to ones health. In doing so, you are offered a level rate for as long as your lifetime ( Fedorowicz, 1977).A twenty year term is beneficial for squat term protection. In case of untimely goal, a huge payout is given out. The premium also pays for a home mortgage ( Fedorowicz, 1977). In case of death the next of kin is given a lump sum of money. Also, this term caters for newly employed youths who are to plan their life (Kaye, 1989). The policy is flexible, and one can renew and convert it from one policy to new(prenominal) policies.Fedorowicz, Z. (1977). Financial planning. Warsaw Central School of Planning and Statistics in Warsaw, Research Institute for Developing Countries. Financial

Is Knowledge Closed Under Known Entailment Essay

Is Knowledge Closed Under Known Entailment - Essay ExampleThis entails the deist guessing of falsity approach that suggests that such thoughts are false. The truth is that a person is a ham-handed brain in a vat making all his experiences hallucinations. The falsity entailed within the skeptical hypotheses would be known by virtue of the fact that under the knowledge entailment is being closed. Since the skeptical hypothesis of falsity cannot be known as the skeptics support, the common sense truth must also not be known, which suggests that a person has hands. The anti-skeptics alternatively centralize around the possibility of the failure of people to be aware of the common sense truth proposition, and therefore, in the firmness principle virtue, people can bend aware of the entailed falsity within the approach of the skeptics. Although anti-skeptics sometimes use the closure principle, some view the closure rejection as the key to the skeptics reputation.The following case a rgument based on Fred Dretske head for the hills will help give a supposed closure counter example. At the zoo, Joe goes to a batting cage marked zebra. He looks at the caged stripped animal and believes it is a zebra. It seems, in fact, that Joe knows they are zebras. For the animal to be a zebra, then it cannot be a mule that has been cleverly disguised. Joe know what a zebra is, he is aware of this fact as well, which leaves the question if he knows that the animal right in front of him is not a mule, would that have been cleverly disguised? Dretske says, it does not and suggests that this answer is intuitive.

Great West Casualty V. Estate of G. Witherspoon Case Study - 1

Great westmost Casualty V. Estate of G. Witherspoon - Case examine ExampleGertie Witherspoon was on her way to work on July 1 1998 at 430 AM when one of her tires on her automobile blew out and the car careened into a roadside ditch. With her car disabled, Witherspoon decided to strait along US route 71 near Adrian Missouri. Still shaken from the accident, Witherspoon attempted to cross the way to reach for help. At that moment, two trailers, each moving at a speed of 70miles side by side spotted the small figure as she crossed the highway. The truck drivers tried stopping the fomite but could not avoid hitting her and she died on the scene. In the weeks following the incidents, Mrs. Lang, the only daughter to Mrs. Witherspoon desire more information on the death of her mother. However, all she got was indifferent information from the highway patrol and the owner of the truck company. Frustrated, Lang rang the adjuster at Great West Casualty to ask for more information regardin g the case. However, concord to the adjuster, there was no fault on the part of their client, Vernon County Grain and Supply. The adjuster pronounced the case closed in(p) prompting Lang to seek out help from an attorney. Believing that the family was preparing to sue the company, the claims representative at Great West Casualty filed a suit on behalf of the company against the estate of Mrs. Witherspoon. Five months later, Mrs. Lang received notice of a legal suit filed against her family for damages on the truck that hit her mother.

Suggest me a good topic Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Suggest me a good topic - Term Paper sampleSubway Restaurant has been its major strength that has seen it occupy an appropriate competitive advantage in the viands industry. The eating house offers fast food services such as turkey breast, roasted beef, steak, cold virgule combo, cheese, subway melt et cetera. Moreover, the eating place provides different types of beverages to its customers. Description of the Products and Services The products offe blushful by the Wali subway restaurant atomic number 18 of good quality and standards. For instance the mouth-watering turkey and roasted beef salad with raspberry vinaigrette from wholly selected recipes of canola oil, diced red onions and avocado, cooked and chopped turkey breast, reduced fat feta cheese perfectly crushed, walnuts, and arugula. The mixture hysterically watchful and spray endorse to give a great taste. For the raspberry vinaigrette the combined ingredients of balsamic vinegar, canola oil, lowlife juice, Dijon m ustard, raspberry jam, fresh ground black pepper and salt to taste placed into a medium-sized rolling wave the whisked thoroughly until the dressing is smooth enough and the jam is properly dissolved. The restaurant also serves Monterey jack Taquitos and backed shredded beef, a meal that is children friendly and very tasty. To make this meal the chef uses high quality ingredients of quivering powder garlic powder, lime juice, adobe sauce with little chili pepper, chopped yellow and red bell pepper, cooked and shredded roast beef, boneless blade roast, and canola cooking spray. The menu offered by the Wali subway restaurant makes an effort to create a healthy diet by utilizing clean and up to standard products in a clean environment. The restaurant also takes into consideration a special group of its customers such as the vegetarians by offering old-fashioned food strictly for vegetarians. Variety of this special menu include kuja, matar, badem, and gobhi that atomic number 18 mos tly served with mint chutney, tamarind chutney, paneer, mixed vegetable pickle, sauteed smash of sweet pumpkin, and fenugreek. The special drinks offered in this place include sweet lassi that is often served with kulhars. In order to reach out for the customers and for the convenience the customers, Wali restaurant offers an online menu and online services where customers can place orders and make inquiries in the days specialty. The restaurant also offers room betrothal services online. Opportunities for the products Selection of products and services offered by the Wali restaurant involves an appropriate identification and mobilization of resources after confinement economic and social facets analysis. For this reason, Wali restaurant management has to take part fully in the interaction with their voltage customers in order to get acquainted with their social and economic conditions. Those customers, who participated, provided the human resource of Wali restaurant with grievo us information and referrals on the products and services that could be offered by the restaurant. These information and ideas are then supplemented with details obtained from opinion of the area around Manassas, Virginia where the restaurant was located. Reintegration of the already existing restaurants and the products and services they offered was also done. With this information the Wali restaurant obdurate to offer a variety of products including turkey breast, roasted beef, steak, cold cut combo, cheese, subway melt et cetera since Virginia was social with diverse culture. The management also considered

Best Buy Case Study Essay Example for Free

Best Buy Case Study EssayAfter acquiring a imperil in Five Star, a retailer of appliances and electronics in main consume mainland China, Best Buys VP John august is responsible for launching a three-fold brand strategy to China as he did in Canada back in 2002. The plan was to open three stores in less than two categorys in China while Five Star was planning on opening 25 additional stores. introduction China would prove to be much more difficult than neighboring Canada as a untaught with 1. 3 billion consumers which is a lot of people to please. China was chosen as the guerilla world(prenominal) expansion market primarily due to the overall market opportunity, consumer fundamentals and macro-economic factors (Ivey, 2006). In addition to the Chinese being very frugal, there was also the issue of the concept of credit, or lack there of in China. About four percent of households in China used credit cards, compared to 75 percent in the United States (Ivey, 2006). Best Buy quickly realized that brand in China was not what genuinely attracted the consumers (Ivey, 2006). Best Buy Inc Best Buy had been interested in entering China since the 1990s.By that time, China had been hosting many of the United States and Europe as far as different manufacturing products. The option of forked branding was what Best Buy was thinking in order to essentially join forces with Chinas retailer of electronics and appliances, Five Star. By glide slope together, Best Buy in United States thought that the two companies would be even stronger as one. This sort of dual branding worked very well in Canada and presumably would have the same winner in China. Competitors Some of the main competitors of Best Buy are Wal-mart and Costco.The competitors were constantly increasing their CE retail market and in particular they increased the products that were less complex therefore easier to sell. Internet shopping and distributors such(prenominal) as Amazon or sites like that ar e an otherwise example of a competitor in the CE market. Also, home improvement stores such as Home Depot and Lowes were also venturing into unvalued territory which was competition for Best Buy. Lines were blurring as retailers of all kinds were widening their product assortments in pursuit of revenues and margins (Ivey, 2006). threefold branding in Canada seemed like logical step in that Best Buy and Canadas proximo sponsor, the main CE retailer there could join together and become stronger with all of the competition coming about (Ivey, 2006). Dual Branding Canada Canada was paid $363. 95 million dollars to acquire Future Shop. Among several grounds why the dual branding took place, the number one reason and most important was that Future Shop was an established brand with over 95 percent unaided brand awareness among Canadians (Ivey, 2006). Though dual branding seemed like a great idea there were also some downsides.Cannibalization was the main business of course due to th e products of Future Store eating the profits of Best Buy and vice versa. there was also the immanent issue that the consumer would not know which brand was which. Despite these issues, by the first year of operations the dual branding strategy seemed to be working and cannibalization seemed minimal. It seemed only natural to give it a try in China (Ivey, 2006). Dual Branding China China was chosen as the second international expansion market primarily due to the overall market opportunity, consumer fundamentals and macro-economic factors (Ivey, 2006).However the Chinese consumer was different than that of the United States or Canada. Also, consumers were not really concerned with branding as much as they were messages relating to functional features. Therefore, the preference of brand did not really translate into revenue. There was also the issue of land acquisition as there were often delays which would force a store to take up to 6 months to even open its doors. The Chinese als o preferred to deal with people they knew and had previous relationships with so set had to be up to par due to the consumer not providing much slack for it.With all of these problems, a dual branding in China did not seem as seamless as it was in Canada (Ivey, 2006). end It is understandable why Best Buy would want to go global to maximize its profit and consumer stall all over. Though things seemed to work out in Canada, it would prove to be a much tougher pitcher to climb in China just based off the consumers alone and the way things are through there and simply the way of life. It will be interesting to see if the places like Turkey and Mexico, other potential targets will have the same success rate as Canada, and not resemble Chinas issues.

United States Navy Essay Example for Free

fall in States Navy EssayThe United States Navy, a branch of the United States armed forces be dedicated in serving the nation and ensuring the pencil eraser of its citizens by guarding the nation from its enemies that may come through bodies of water or by seas. In ball club to do so, it is of import for the USN to have a large number of nauticals which is one of the goals of the navy, to produce unassailable naval forces. there be over 335,000 personnel of the navy today operating about 280 ships. non only is the navy strong because of its number and withal because of the hard training given to every(prenominal) nautical.For this reason, USN marines are known not only for their skills in battle but likewise for their subject which is a very important and admirable characteristic of the USN. The USN ensures that their personnel are check teeming and went through rigorous training in every aspect of their personality, not only physically but mentally as well. Another important factor in becoming a USN marine is to have the passion and desire to serve the nation and the people of the State.USN marines are willing to contribute even their own lives in order to ensure peace and safety in the community that they are serving. Because of this great commitment and sacrifice that the marines are offering to the terra firma, it layabout be said that there is a lot of benefits that one could get by being a member of the US navy. The Navy it self are responsible and really does take care of its sailors. It ensures that the sailors are in good condition peculiarly when it comes to physical health by giving medical and many other benefits to its sailors.In order to amaze a sailor of the USN, there are a lot of things required. The very first thing that is mandatory is to be a citizen of the state. However, there are rules that can be followed for those who are non US citizens. A non-US citizen can be a member of the USN provided that he or she is legally residing in the United States. Also, it is a requirement that the individual has a Green Card. Other qualifications for US citizens must also be met such as being between 17 to 35 years of age and must take over the standard of the Navy when it comes to moral, mental and physical standard.Another important consideration is that the person must be able to read, write and speak English fluently. The Navy it self makes it sure that the requirements and their standard for accepting applicants are met. There maybe several qualifications that are needed in becoming a navy, however these requirements are to make sure that their personnel are able to protect the country and its citizens together with their interest. It can also be said that the US Navy is professional when it comes to applicants.The commitment and discipline can also be seen. When it comes to privacy, the Navy is really strict in enforcing their rules and ensuring that their personnel keep their privacy guidelin es. One of the most important questions that must be addressed is the reason for wanting to be a member of the USN. The Navy also ensures that questions given to the applicant are inevitable and proper. This is also a way of showing the integrity and disciplined of our Marines. This is also another distinction of the US Navy with many companies around the world.Their professionalism is maintained together with their self-regard and discipline in whatever they do. It is rest assured that every question asked to an applicant is important and necessary in the field and for the evaluation of the application. Some may find the agreement to be somehow demanding when it comes to version service to the nation however this is really important in becoming a member of a well disciplined and respected group. Marines are selfless in a sense since their main antecedency is not their own lives and sake but rather the sale of the people and of the nation as a whole.They are willing to sacrifice t heir own interest and lives as well to protect the people and their interest. There are really so many admirable features of the US Navy marines, their loyalty and respect for the country together with their dedication and persistence on their service to the nation. It is also a characteristic of the USN to surpass in many things especially when it comes to discipline and faithfulness.Truly, the United States Navy deserves our full support and respect.Works CitedCitysearch. U. S. marine corporation. 2008. 21 January 2008 http//seattle. citysearch. com/profile/34967185/seattle_wa/us_marine_corporation. hm l Corbett, Sara. The Womens War. The New York Times (March 18, 2007). January 21, 2008 http//www. nytimes. com/2007/03/18/magazine/18cover. html. Navy. Navy benefits. (no date). 21 January 2008 http//www. navy. com/sitemap/ United States Marine Corporation. Marines. 2008. 21 January 2008 http//www. marines. com/page/usmc. jsp? pageId=/forms/processLead. doflashRedirect =true

Balance Sheet and Sylvan Essay Example for Free

Balance Sheet and bucolic EssayOn January 1 2007, backbone purchased 60% of the common shargons of Sylvan for $4,500. On that date, Sylvan had common sh bes of $1,250 and retained profit of $3,000. Fair values were equal to carrying values for all Sylvans net assets except inventory, big(p) assets and notes payable. The fair value of inventory was $60 much than rule book value, the book value of capital assets was $ one C greater than fair value and the Notes payable had a fair value of $150 less than book value. comport that all shares of Sylvan have the same value and no control premium was give at the date of acquisition. The Consolidated Financial statements will be prepared using IFRS Entity Method.The financial statements for Pillar and Sylvan for the year ended celestial latitude 31, 2010 were as follows Balance Sheets declination 31, 2010$000sPILLAR unsophisticatedCash$680$435Accounts receivable1,7551,025Inventory2,8491,790Capital assetsnet3,9763,000Investment in Sylvan4,500 thoroughgoing assets$13,760$6,250 ongoing liabilities$400$255Notes payable5,8001,185Common shares2,0001,250 kept up(p) earnings5,5603,560Total$13,760$6,250Statements of Income and Retained EarningsYear stop December 31, 2010PILLARSYLVANSales and all other Income$4,040$2,710Cost of sales1,6001,1402,4401,570Amortization(480)(310) some other expenses and losses including taxes(500)(210)Net income1,4601,050Additional information numbers in $000s1. Capital assets are to be amortized over an average remaining spendful life of 8 years at January 1, 2007 and the notes payable farm on December 31, 2011. Goodwill impairment losses for 2008 and 2010 were $240 and $300 respectively. Straight line amortization is bankable for all acquisition differentials.2. At December 31, 2010, Sylvans inventory included goods purchased from Pillar for $760. Total purchases from Pillar in 2010 were $1000 all priced at mark-ups averaging 25% of Pillars cost.3. On December 31, 2009, the inventor ies of Pillar contained $500 of merchandise purchased from Sylvan. Sylvan earns a gross margin of 30% on all sales to Pillar. During December 2010, Pillar purchased merchandise from Sylvan for $900 and did not pay for$250 of the purchases by December 31, 2010. 40% of the inventory was resold by Pillar before the year end.4. On July 1, 2010, Sylvan sold a new tract of Land to Pillar for $170. On December 1, 2009, Sylvan had bought the filth for $200. The fair trade value of the land at July 1, 2010 was $220.5. On September 30, 2008, Pillar sold Land to Sylvan for $100. The land had a book value of $60 on the date of the sale.6. On December 1, 2010, Pillar and Sylvan declared and paid dividends of $150 and $100 respectively.7. Both companies pay taxes at the rate of 40%. Assume all intercompany Transactions are taxed at 40%REQUIRED Please use a colour BOOKLET1. Prepare a Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2010. (22 Marks) 2. Prepare an commutative calculation of ENDING Con solidated Retained Earnings at December 31, 2010. (11 marks) 3. Assume Pillar wishes to use the equity manner in their General Ledger, calculate Investment income from Sylvan for the year ending December 31, 2010 (10 Marks)NOTEThis question will help you prepare for the technical question on the midterm. Do more than the question asks so that you are prepared for any possible questions you may be asked Eg. Prepare a Consolidated Income statement and an independent calculation of Consolidated Net Income attributable to Parent company shareholders cipher the Investment Income under the equity method Note the only difference between the equity method used when significant Influence is present and the equity method used in the general record book of the parent when control is present is the treatment of downstream transactions. According to IAS 28.28 all unrealized intercompany profits are eliminated proportionately between investor and investee. Therefore if investor owns 30% of inv estee, 30% of all unrealized profits/losses are removed. When control exists the parent eliminates upstream proportionately with NCI and downstream unrealized profits are eliminated 100% from parent. subdue figuresAt December 31, 2010Goodwill at acquisition ($3,140)$2,600Consolidated total Assets$17,615.6Capital assets$6916Consolidated Retained Earnings$5331.28NCI Balance Sheet$2924.32Consolidated Net Income Entity$2052.1Attributable to Parent shareholders1754.78Attributable to NCI$297.32Investment figure Balance sheet equity method$4,271.28Investment income equity method 2010$354.78(removing 100% downstream)

Cambodian Genocide Essay Example for Free

Cambodian Genocide Essay stack graves overflowing with bodies. Bodies which have been mutilated and burnt lay on the ground. Care slightly thrown all over as if they are not even human. This was the sight in war torn Cambodia. The Khmer Rouge controlled Cambodia and terrorized the great deal. They overcomeed hoi polloi who were educated, from a certain ethnic group, from a certain region, opposed the Khmer Rouge or just wore glasses. great deal were taken to facilities used for killing and torture and were never seen again. pile were forced out of the cities and put in act upon camps.The mountain from the cities were called the parvenu state while the existing farmers and rural peasants were called Old raft. The bran-new People were despised by the Khmer Rouge for their Western ideas. The leader of the KR, Pol Pot set up the communist government in Cambodia after the U. S. A carpet bombed Cambodia and made it politically unstable. The race murder that followed th is was horrendous. The effects of it nonoperational remain. The Cambodian Genocide followed the eight steps of genocide and negatively impacted Cambodia for years to come.Classification categorizes people based on their ethnicity, race, religion or nationality. A classification in this genocide was the Old People and the New People system. The people that were kicked out of the urban cities were called the New People because of their Western ideas. The people that were farmers ahead the Khmer Rouge takeover were called the Old People. The Khmer Rouge got most of their fend for from the rural people unlike the Soviets who gleaned their support from the urban elements. The New People were more abused than the Old People.They were considered the lowest in the village and had no freedom of speech. They had to listen to the other classes. They were withal not allowed to farm because they had led corrupt lives and had to be expert to be productive workers. In order to break their spi rits and instill a sense of loyalty, the New People were given the longest and gravelyest work. The New People were not the only people that were abused and killed by the Khmer Rouge. Muslim Chams were heavily killed and oppressed. They were forced to eat pork (which is highly discouraged in Islam).If they refused to eat it thusly they were killed with a blow to the back of the neck with a hoe. About 400,000 Muslims were killed through this ex conditionination process. The classification constitute was heavily used in the Cambodian genocide. Symbolization refers to how people apply symbols to these different categories. The Khmer Rouge delegate a blue scarf to the people who were from the Eastern Zones of Cambodia. This blue scarf was a fundamentally a sign that told the Khmer Rouge who was marked for extermination.. They excessively killed people who wore glasses.They said that the glasses symbolized that the wearer could read and was therefore literate. They excessively targe ted cities. They destroyed just about and others were re purposed to fit their needs. They believed that the cities depicted a westernized ideology and that they could not fit into their peasantism ideology. dehumanisation is the third stage in genocide. It is the denial of the other groups humanity. It depicts the other group as being less human and helps the extremists get over their squeamishness to kill. This tactic was used to demonize higher ranking people of the opposition.This means that they painted their enemies as demons who threatened the well being of the revolution. All genocides are organized. No egress how little. The Khmer Rouge evacuated Phnom Penh which led to the desolation of cities. They also classified people as Old or New People which led to the division of the people. They separated families and children and sent them to work camps where they were forced to do hard labor. They also processed city dwellers and asked them to provide autobiographies in order to document their class background.This helped them draw up kill list for people who were suspected of treason or were just from an ethnic class that was despised by them or was unfit to live. Polarization is the act of killing the opposition or the moderates who oppose the extremists. The Khmer Rouge essentially decided that they wanted to show that they had enemies. So they put the New People against the Old People. The New People hated the Old People because they were favored more by the Khmer Rouge and were not worked so hard and received more food. The Old People hated the New People because the Khmer Rouge hated them.This widened the breaking between the people and made them easy to manipulate. They also painted the U. S. A and Vietnam as their enemies. Basically anyone who was fasten to the West was considered an enemy. Dehumanization made it easier for the to kill the enemy. Identification is identifying the victims and classifying them. The Khmer Rouge was secretive fro m the beginning. They had an agenda that include the eradication of the Vietnamese in Cambodia, yet they relied on them as allies. In preparation, the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia on the QT killed Cambodians that had been trained by the North Vietnamese.They were also forced to remain hidden because they were violently attacked by Prince Sihanouks government. ironically after his exile, he joined forces with the Khmer Rouge. But all their alliances were temporary even though the Vietnamese and Prince Sihanouk pattern of them as permanent. The Khmer Rouge had their own agenda. The forced evacuation of Phnom Penh was a preparation step for the genocide. Extermination is basically a fancy term for genocide but the frankness of it shows the effects of dehumanization. Extermination is a term that describes the killings of pests.The victims are not considered humans. They are considered vermin or pests. This prompted the makings of mass graves and the brutal killings that took place. People were killed by harsh forced labor, mass executions and internal killings. The KR imposed harsh labor. They forced the people to work from dawn till dusk. They barely had any food and they were not allowed to grow their own. The KR also conducted mass executions in which hundreds of thousands of people were executed. After sometime the KR became paranoid and started killing their own members who they suspected of treason.They also killed members who were not behaving in a way that the KR wanted them to. demurral is when the country in which the genocide took place tries to cover up the evidence and divert attention away from the atrocities that were committed there. They basically burned all the records and then dont allow historians to view the very little records that have survived the burnings. They entomb the evidence. They cover up the mass graves. They burn then or try to dig them up some more. This is done to make sure that they cant be tried by a court for their actions.Den ial is a big problem because the destruction of the evidence makes it harder to try the people behind the genocide. The cruelty that the Cambodian people under went is unimaginable. But the worst part is that we could have stopped this atrocity during the first sextet stages of the genocide. Our reluctance caused suffering for people who unfortunately lived in Cambodia. The people who were behind it may have been brought to arbitrator but their actions are still affecting Cambodia today. The Cambodian Genocide followed the eight steps of genocide and negatively impacted Cambodia for years to come.

Which Sources of Knowledge Essay Example for Free

Which Sources of Knowledge EssayWhich Sources of Knowledge books, network sites, the media, personal experience, government activity or some other- do you consider most(prenominal) self-assertionworthy, and why? Who Can You Trust? In a world filled with more accessible information than ever before, it is much more difficult to evaluate what is virtue and what is non. Which sources can you trust? From books to personal experience, one must look carefully at each and determine its level of reliability. whatever of the most trusted sources of knowledge are books. Almost eachthing we learn in school is from a book.We throw close to $300 every year to buy these teaching tools. Yet, have we ever stopped to have in mind about the credibility of these sources? M any of us read books and automatically assume that the information is true. Our knowledge obtained from books is strictly authoritative knowledge (with some exceptions). Therefore, we cannot fully trust the informa tion in a book unless the authorities are credible. How can we establish this credibility? A books credibility relies on its authors credentials, sources, publisher, and copyright date.The author should be qualified in his or her field. One flaw in the book Mere Christianity is the fact that C. S. Lewis is not a qualified theologian, so a ref cannot accept all of his ideas so readily. A reader should always take into account the bibliography to ensure that the author is using factual sources. The book should be make by a well-known company, so that the reader knows the information has been sozzledly tested and evaluated. In any book, one should always consider the copyright date.For literature, this will help the reader understand the historical mise en scene of the language, ideas, and arguments presented in the story. For science books, the copyright date must be new, because scientific knowledge changes almost every day. More importantly than any of these, it is up to the rea der to read critically, being aware of any biases. For example, annals books cannot always be trusted because history is often seen through a narrow scope. The American whirling is so embraced by Americans because the Patriots fought against British oppression and taxes.However, the British taxes were not oppressive at all they were very negligible compared to the taxes we pay today. History books bring with them another area of knowledge with its own problems. It is impossible to all told record the events of history with perfect accuracy. Everything written should be read with a critical eye. While much information is obtained through books, surely the largest source of information is the Internet. Can web sites be trusted? once again, we are faced with the problems of authoritative knowledge with Internet web sites.They are created by someone whom you most likely do not know, so how can you be sure that the information given is truth? Web sites should be treated in the same manner as books, but more web sites should be less trusted than books for several reasons. Almost anybody can create a website, but not everybody can publish a book. A web site does not undergo the same rigorous editing tests that books do. A class of 16 year olds created websites for a school project, but not all of those websites contain truth.When obtaining information from the Internet, it would be even more important to compare the information given from legion(predicate) assorted web sites. If the same information is found repeatedly and consistently in many different web sites, it is most likely a sure fact. Again, a critical eye must be used, making sure the web site creator bases his or her arguments on logical reasoning and sure facts, and not careless emotions. Books and web sites are generally trusted sources of knowledge, but the media is a highly criticized medium, for severe reason.

Internet Addiction Essay Example for Free

net Addiction EssayAbstract rugged computer tender function is a growing cordial issue which is be contestationd world large-minded. profits Addiction pain (IAD) ruins lives by causing neurological complications, psychological disturbances, and loving problems. Surveys in the unify States and Europe have indicated portentous prevalence evaluate surrounded by 1.5 and 8.2% 1. at that place ar several(prenominal)(prenominal) reviews addressing the definition, classification, assessment, epidemiology, and co-morbidity of IAD 2-5, and some reviews 6-8 addressing the reportment of IAD. The aim of this newfangledsprint is to halt a preferably brief overview of query on IAD and theoretical considerations from a practical lieu based on years of daily regulate with clients woeful from profit colony. Furthermore, with this paper we intend to tot up in practical experience in the debate nearly the eventual cellular cellular inclusion of IAD in the nigh version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of psychogenic Disorders (DSM).Problematic computer procedure is a growing social issue which is being debated worldwide.Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) ruins lives by causing neurological complications, psychological disturbances, and social problems. Surveys in the unify States and Europe have indicated alarming prevalence rates between 1.5 and 8.2% 1. There argon several reviews addressing the definition, classification, assessment, epidemiology, and co-morbidity of IAD 2-5, and some reviews 6-8 addressing the intervention of IAD. The aim of this paper is to give a preferably brief overview of research on IAD and theoretical considerations from a practical perspective based on years of daily work with clients suffering from Internet addiction. Furthermore, with this paper we intend to bring in practical experience in the debate about the eventual inclusion of IAD in the contiguous version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of M ental Disorders (DSM). Keywords Addiction, Computer, Internet, reSTART, Treatment.INTRODUCTIONThe idea that hard computer use meets criteria for an addiction, and in that locationfore should be included in the next iteration of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 4th ed. Text Revision 9 was prototypic proposed by Kimberly Young, PhD in her seminal 1996 paper 10. Sincethat time IAD has been extensively studied and is indeed, incumbently under consideration for inclusion in the DSM-V 11. Meanwhile, both China and South Korea have identified Internet addiction as a signifi crumbt public health threat and both countries have education, research and treatment 12. In the United States, despite a growing body of research, and treatment for the disorder available in out-patient and in-patient settings, on that point has been no formal governmental response to the issue of Internet addiction. While the debate goes on about whether or not the DSM-V should de signate Internet addiction a mental disorder 12-14 people currently suffering from Internet addiction are seeking treatment. Because of our experience we support the growing of uniform diagnostic criteria and the inclusion of IAD in the DSM-V 11 in order to advance public education, diagnosis and treatment of this important disorder.CLASSIFICATIONThere is ongoing debate about how best to classify the expression which is characterized by many hours spent in non-work applied science- connect computer/Internet/ tv game activities 15. It is accompanied by changes in inclination, soaking up with the Internet and digital media, the in powerfulness to insure the measuring rod of time spent interfacing with digital technology, the need for more time or a new game to earn a desired mood, withdrawal indications when not engaged, and a lengthiness of the behavior despite family conflict, a diminishing social life and adverse work or academic consequences 2, 16, 17. Some researchers and mental health practitioners see unjustified Internet use as a symptom of another disorder such as anxiety or depression rather than a get around entity e.g. 18.Internet addiction could be considered an Impulse control disorder (not otherwise specified). Yet there is a growing consensus that this constellation of symptoms is an addiction e.g. 19. The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) recently firing offd a new definition of addiction as a chronic brain disorder, officially proposing for the number 1 time that addiction is not limited to substance use 20. All addictions, whether chemical or behavioral, share certain characteristics including salience, dictatorial use (loss of control), mood modification and the alleviation of distress, tolerance and withdrawal, and the continuation despite negative consequences.DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR IADThe first serious proposal for diagnostic criteria was advanced in 1996 by Dr. Young, modifying the DSM-IV criteria for patholo gical gambling 10. Since then variations in both name and criteria have been put forward to capture the problem, which is now about popularly cognize as Internet Addiction Disorder. Problematic Internet workout (PIU) 21, computer addiction, Internet dependence 22, authoritative Internet use, pathological Internet use 23, and many other labels can be give in the writings. Likewise a variety of often overlapping criteria have been proposed and studied, some of which have been validated. However, empirical studies append an inconsistent set of criteria to define Internet addiction 24. For an overview see Byun et al. 25. Beard 2 recommends that the following five diagnostic criteria are required for a diagnosis of Internet addiction (1) Is preoccupied with the Internet (thinks about anterior online activity or anticipate next online session) (2) Needs to use the Internet with increased amounts of time in order to achieve satisfaction (3) Has made unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or baulk Internet use (4) Is restless, moody, depressed, or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop Internet use (5) Has stayed online longer than sooner intended.Additionally, at least one of the following must be present (6) Has jeopardized or risked the loss of a significant relationship, job, educational or career opportunity because of the Internet (7) Has lied to family members, therapist, or others to conceal the issue of involvement with the Internet (8) Uses the Internet as a way of escaping from problems or of relieving a dysphoric mood (e.g., feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety, depression) 2. There has been overly been a variety of assessment tools use in evaluation. Youngs Internet Addiction Test 16, the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ) developed by Demetrovics, Szeredi, and Pozsa 26 and the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) 27 are all examples of instruments to assess for this disorder.PREVALENCEThe considerable variance of the prevalence rates describe for IAD (between 0.3% and 38%) 28 may be attributable to the fact that diagnostic criteria and assessment questionnaires employ for diagnosis convert between countries and studies often use highly selective samples of online surveys 7. In theirreview Weinstein and Le rejoiceeux 1 report that surveys in the United States and Europe have indicated prevalence rates varying between 1.5% and 8.2%. Other reports place the rates between 6% and 18.5% 29. Some obvious differences with respect to the regularityologies, cultural factors, outcomes and assessment tools forming the basis for these prevalence rates notwithstanding, the rates we encountered were generally high and sometimes alarming. 24ETIOLOGYThere are different models available for the development and fear of IAD like the cognitive-behavioral model of problematic Internet use 21, the anonymity, convenience and escape (ACE) model 30, the access, affordability, anonymity (Triple-A) railway locomotive 31, a phases model of pathological Internet use by Grohol 32, and a comprehensive model of the development and maintenance of Internet addiction by Winkler Drsing 24, which takes into account socio-cultural factors (e.g., demographic factors, access to and acceptance of the Internet), biological vulnerabilities (e.g., genetic factors, abnormalities in neurochemical processes), psychological predispositions (e.g., personality characteristics, negative affects), and detail attributes of the Internet to explain excessive mesh in Internet activities 24.NEUROBIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIESIt is know that addictions activate a junto of sites in the brain associated with pleasure, known together as the riposte center or pleasure pathway of the brain 33, 34. When activated, dopamine release is increased, along with opiates and other neurochemicals. Over time, the associated receptors may be affected, producing tolerance or the need for increasing stimulant drug of the reward center to pro duce a high and the subsequent characteristic behavior patterns needed to vitiate withdrawal. Internet use may also lead specifically to dopamine release in the kernel accumbens 35, 36, one of the reward structures of the brain specifically involved in other addictions 20. An example of the rewarding spirit of digital technology use may be captured in the following positment by a 21 year-old male in treatment for IAD I feel technology has brought so much joy into my life. No other activity relaxes me or stimulates me like technology. However, when depression hits, I tend to use technology as a wayof retreating and isolating.REINFORCEMENT/REWARDWhat is so rewarding about Internet and video game use that it could become an addiction? The theory is that digital technology users experience multiple layers of reward when they use various computer applications. The Internet functions on a variable ratio reinforcement account (VRRS), as does gambling 29. Whatever the application (gene ral surfing, pornography, chat rooms, message boards, social networking sites, video games, email, texting, cloud applications and games, etc.), these activities support unpredictable and variable reward structures. The reward experienced is intensified when combined with mood enhancing/stimulating content. Examples of this would be pornography (sexual stimulation), video games (e.g. various social rewards, identification with a hero, immersive graphics), dating sites (romantic fantasy), online poker (financial) and special concern chat rooms or message boards (sense of belonging) 29, 37.BIOLOGICAL PREDISPOSITIONThere is increasing evidence that there can be a genetic predisposition to addictive behaviors 38, 39. The theory is that individuals with this predisposition do not have an adequate number of dopamine receptors or have an insufficient amount of serotonin/dopamine 2, thereby having difficulty experiencing normal levels of pleasure in activities that most people would find r ewarding. To increase pleasure, these individuals are more likely to seek greater than average engagement in behaviors that stimulate an increase in dopamine, effectively giving them more reward but placing them at higher risk for addiction.MENTAL well upness VULNERABILITIESMany researchers and clinicians have noted that a variety of mental disorders co-occur with IAD. There is debate about which came first, the addiction or the co-occurring disorder 18, 40. The study by Dong et al. 40 had at least the potential to crystallise this question, reporting that higher heaps for depression, anxiety, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, and psychoticism were consequences of IAD. But referable to the limitations of the study further research is necessary.THE manipulation OF INTERNET ADDICTIONThere is a general consensus that total abstinence from the Internet should not be the goal of the interventions and that instead, an abstinence from problematic applications and a controlled and balanced Internet usage should be achieved 6. The following paragraphs flesh out the various treatment options for IAD that exist to daylight. Unless studies examining the strength of the illustrated treatments are not available, findings on the efficacy of the presented treatments are also provided. Unfortunately, most of the treatment studies were of low methodological quality and utilize an intra- assembly design. The general lack of treatment studies notwithstanding, there are treatment guidelines reported by clinicians working in the field of IAD. In her book Internet Addiction Symptoms, Evaluation, and Treatment, Young 41 offers some treatment strategies which are already known from the cognitive-behavioral approach (a) get along opposite time of Internet use (discover patients patterns of Internet use and disrupt these patterns by suggesting new schedules), (b) use external stoppers (real events or activities prompting the patient to log off), (c) set goals (with regard to the amount of time), (d) abstain from a special application (that the client is unable to control), (e) use propeler cards (cues that remind the patient of the costs of IAD and benefits of breaking it), (f) develop a personal inventory ( files all the activities that the patient used to engage in or cant find the time due to IAD), (g) enter a support group (compensates for a lack of social support), and (h) engage in family therapy (addresses relational problems in the family) 41. Unfortunately, clinical evidence for the efficacy of these strategies is not mentioned.Non-psychological ApproachesSome authors examine pharmacological interventions for IAD, perhaps due to the fact that clinicians use psychopharmacology to treat IAD despite the lack of treatment studies addressing the efficacy of pharmacological treatments. In particular, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been used because of the co-morbid psychiatric symptoms of IAD (e.g. depression and anxiety) f or which SSRIs have been found to be effective 42-46. Escitalopram (a SSRI) was used by DellOsso et al. 47 to treat 14 subjects with impulsive- tyrannical Internet usage disorder. Internet usage fall significantly from a mean of 36.8 hours/hebdomad to a baseline of 16.5 hours/week. In another study Han, Hwang, and Renshaw 48 used bupropion (a non-tricyclic antidepressant) and found a decrease of impulse for Internet video game play, total game play time, and cue-induced brain activity in dorsolateral anterior cortex after a six week period of bupropion sustained release treatment. Methylphenidate (a psycho stimulant drug) was used by Han et al. 49 to treat 62 Internet video game-playing children diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. subsequently eight weeks of treatment, the YIAS-K rafts and Internet usage times were significantly bring down and the authors cautiously suggest that methylphenidate top executive be evaluated as a potential treatment of IAD. Acc ording to a study by Shapira et al. 50, mood stabilizers might also improve the symptoms of IAD. In addition to these studies, there are some eluding reports of patients treated with escitalopram 45, citalopram (SSRI)- quetiapine (antipsychotic) combination 43 and naltrexone (an opioid receptor antagonist) 51. A few authors mentioned that physical exercise could compensate the decrease of the dopamine level due to decreased online usage 52. In addition, sports exercise prescriptions used in the course of cognitive behavioral group therapy may enhance the effect of the intervention for IAD 53.Psychological ApproachesMotivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centered yet directive method for enhancing intrinsic indigence to change by exploring and resolving client ambivalence 54. It was developed to help individuals give up addictive behaviors and learn new behavioral skills, using techniques such as open-ended questions, pondering listening, affirmation, and summarization to help individuals express their concerns about change 55. Unfortunately, there are currently no studies addressing the efficacy of MI in treating IAD, but MI seems to be moderately effective in the areas of alcohol, drug addiction, and fast/exercise problems 56. Peukert et al. 7 suggest that interventions with family members or other relatives like Community Reinforcement and Family Training 57 could be reusable in enhancing the motivation of an addict to cut back on Internet use, although the reviewers remark that control studies with relatives do not exist to date. Reality therapy (RT) is supposed to encourage individuals to choose to improve theirlives by committing to change their behavior. It includes sessions to show clients that addiction is a choice and to give them training in time management it also introduces alternate(a) activities to the problematic behavior 58.According to Kim 58, RT is a core addiction recovery tool that offers a wide variety of uses as a treatment for a ddictive disorders such as drugs, sex, food, and works as well for the Internet. In his RT group guidance computer program treatment study, Kim 59 found that the treatment program effectively snubd addiction level and modify self-esteem of 25 Internet-addicted university students in Korea. Twohig and Crosby 60 used an Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) communications protocol including several exercises adjusted to better fit the issues with which the sample struggles to treat six adult males suffering from problematic Internet pornography viewing. The treatment resulted in an 85% reduction in viewing at post-treatment with results being maintained at the three month follow-up (83% reduction in viewing pornography). Widyanto and Griffith 8 report that most of the treatments employed so far had utilized a cognitive-behavioral approach. The case for using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is justified due to the slap-up results in the treatment of other behavioral addictions/i mpulse-control disorders, such as pathological gambling, compulsive shopping, bulimia nervosa, and rip eating-disorders 61.Wlfling 5 described a predominantly behavioral group treatment including identification of sustaining conditions, establishing of intrinsic motivation to reduce the amount of time being online, learning alternative behaviors, engagement in new social real-life contacts, psycho-education and exposure therapy, but unfortunately clinical evidence for the efficacy of these strategies is not mentioned. In her study, Young 62 used CBT to treat 114 clients suffering from IAD and found that participants were better able to manage their presenting problems post-treatment, showing improved motivation to stop abusing the Internet, improved ability to control their computer use, improved ability to function in offline relationships, improved ability to abstain from sexually explicit online material, improved ability to engage in offline activities, and improved ability to achieve sobriety from problematic applications. Cao, Su and Gao 63 investigated the effect of group CBT on 29 middle groom students with IAD and found that IAD scores of the experimental group were lower than of the control groupafter treatment.The authors also reported improvement in psychological function. Thirty-eight adolescents with IAD were treated with CBT intentional particularly for addicted adolescents by Li and Dai 64. They found that CBT has true effects on the adolescents with IAD (CIAS scores in the therapy group were significant lower than that in the control group). In the experimental group the scores of depression, anxiety, compulsiveness, self-blame, illusion, and retreat were significantly decreased after treatment. Zhu, Jin, and Zhong 65 compared CBT and electro acupuncture (EA) plus CBT appointment forty-seven patients with IAD to one of the two groups respectively. The authors found that CBT alone or combined with EA can significantly reduce the score of IA D and anxiety on a self-rating scale and improve self-conscious health status in patients with IAD, but the effect obtained by the combined therapy was better.Multimodal TreatmentsA multimodal treatment approach is characterized by the implementation of several different types of treatment in some cases even from different disciplines such as pharmacology, psychotherapy and family counseling simultaneously or sequentially. Orzack and Orzack 66 mentioned that treatments for IAD need to be multidisciplinary including CBT, psychotropic medication, family therapy, and case managers, because of the complexity of these patients problems. In their treatment study, Du, Jiang, and Vance 67 found that multimodal school-based group CBT (including parent training, teacher education, and group CBT) was effective for adolescents with IAD (n = 23), particularly in improving emotional state and regulation ability, behavioral and self-management style. The effect of another multimodal intervention c onsisting of solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT), family therapy, and CT was investigated among 52 adolescents with IAD in China. After three months of treatment, the scores on an IAD scale (IAD-DQ), the scores on the SCL-90, and the amount of time spent online decreased significantly 68.Orzack et al. 69 used a psychoeducational program, which combines psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral theoretical perspectives, using a combination of Readiness to Change (RtC), CBT and MI interventions to treat a group of 35 men involved in problematic Internet-enabled sexual behavior (IESB). In this group treatment, the quality of life increased and the level of depressive symptoms decreasedafter 16 (weekly) treatment sessions, but the level of problematic Internet use failed to decrease significantly 69. Internet addiction related symptom scores significantly decreased after a group of 23 middle school students with IAD were treated with Behavioral Therapy (BT) or CT, detoxification treatmen t, psychosocial rehabilitation, personality modeling and parent training 70.Therefore, the authors concluded that psychotherapy, in particular CT and BT were effective in treating middle school students with IAD. Shek, Tang, and Lo 71 described a multi-level counseling program designed for young people with IAD based on the responses of 59 clients. Findings of this study suggest this multi-level counseling program (including counseling, MI, family perspective, case work and group work) is promising to help young people with IAD. Internet addiction symptom scores significantly decreased, but the program failed to increase psychological well-being significantly. A six-week group counseling program (including CBT, social competence training, training of self-control strategies and training of communication skills) was shown to be effective on 24 Internet-addicted college students in China 72. The authors reported that the adapted CIAS-R scores of the experimental group were significant ly lower than those of the control group post-treatment.The reSTART ProgramThe authors of this article are currently, or have been, affiliated with the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program 73 in Fall City, Washington. The reSTART program is an inpatient Internet addiction recovery program which integrates technology detoxification (no technology for 45 to 90 days), drug and alcohol treatment, 12 tonicity work, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), experiential adventure based therapy, Acceptance and Commitment therapy (ACT), brain enhancing interventions, animal aided therapy, motivational interviewing (MI), mindfulness based relapse prevention (MBRP), Mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR), interpersonal group psychotherapy, individual psychotherapy, individualized treatments for co-occurring disorders, psycho- educational groups (life visioning, addiction education, communication and assertiveness training, social skills, life skills, behavior balance plan), aftercare t reatments (monitoring of technology use, ongoing psychotherapy and group work), and continuing care (outpatient treatment) in an individualized, holistic approach.The firstresults from an ongoing OQ45.2 74 study (a self-reported measurement of subjective discomfort, interpersonal relationships and social role performance assessed on a weekly basis) of the short-term impact on 19 adults who complete the 45+ days program showed an improved score after treatment. Seventy-four percent of participants showed significant clinical improvement, 21% of participants showed no reliable change, and 5% deteriorated. The results have to be regarded as preliminary due to the small study sample, the self-report measurement and the lack of a control group. Despite these limitations, there is evidence that the program is responsible for most of the improvements demonstrated.CONCLUSIONAs can be seen from this brief review, the field of Internet addiction is advancing rapidly even without its official mention as a separate and distinct behavioral addiction and with continuing disagreement over diagnostic criteria. The ongoing debate whether IAD should be classified as an (behavioral) addiction, an impulse-control disorder or even an obsessive compulsive disorder cannot be satisfactorily resolved in this paper. But the symptoms we observed in clinical class period show a great deal of overlap with the symptoms commonly associated with (behavioral) addictions. Also it remains unclear to this day whether the underlying mechanisms responsible for the addictive behavior are the same in different types of IAD (e.g., online sexual addiction, online gaming, and excessive surfing).From our practical perspective the different shapes of IAD fit in one category, due to various Internet specific commonalities (e.g., anonymity, riskless interaction), commonalities in the underlying behavior (e.g., avoidance, fear, pleasure, entertainment) and overlapping symptoms (e.g., the increased amount of time spent online, preoccupation and other signs of addiction). Nevertheless more research has to be done to substantiate our clinical impression. Despite several methodological limitations, the strength of this work in comparison to other reviews in the international body of literature addressing the definition, classification, assessment, epidemiology, and co-morbidity of IAD 2-5, and to reviews 6-8 addressing the treatment of IAD, is that it connects theoretical considerations with the clinical convention of interdisciplinary mental health experts working for years in the field of Internet addiction.Furthermore, the current work gives a goodoverview of the current state of research in the field of internet addiction treatment. Despite the limitations stated above this work gives a brief overview of the current state of research on IAD from a practical perspective and can therefore be seen as an important and helpful paper for further research as well as for clinical practice in particular.

Learning and Development Practice Essay Example for Free

Learning and Development radiation pattern Essay1. Directive Is where the prepare prolongs the motorbusee terminations, tools and techniques for moving advancing. The directee may like to be offered solutions however the danger is that the solution may not be appropriate for the coachees situation and consequently may not looking fully committed to the solution provided. 2. Non-Directive Is coaching in the true sense of the word where the coach barely asks the coachee questions to allow the coachee to find your cause solutions. A non-directive coach will not offer the coachee advice and rarely as yet give the coachee suggestions, although through skilful questioning they will help the coachee to see their situation from a incompatible perspective, gain clarity, uncover options, challenge inconsistencies and hold the coachee accountable to their actions. Directiveness ScaleDirective Non-Directive I fare how You know how I tell you You tell me You follow instructio n- You decideStarr, J. 2008. The teach Manual. Person Education LTD. Pg20. Although I vex given an idea of what directive and non-directive coaching styles are. These styles whoremonger be seen on a sliding home base. A tool for the coach to engage, dependent on the situation and where the questioning leads. The coach my not always use one style over another but can slide up and down the scale to enhance the coachees answer and gain clarity where needed, or dependent on the experience of the coachee. With the net aim that the coachee leaves empowered to move forward with action points to achieve goals. 1.2 How coaching differs from other LD methods commissionCounselling a therapeutic encumbrance usually around a personal deep rooted publicize from a persons past that is affecting a person in the present. Counselling provides intervention strategys to cope with the personal issue by delving into the persons past. Coaching although can bring come on emotions from the coachee, tends to be forward looking and is based aroundperformance related issues and not personal. (Beevers, 2010).1.3 How coaching can meet agreemental objectivesCoaching can meet organisational objectives byStaff engage and have a greater awareness of organisations objectives. Implemented agreed actions during coaching process show recorded solutions which means the organisation has mensural results of learning within staff PDPs. Shows an organisation has a learning culture investing in their people. If coach is line manager they will enhance management capabilities within the organisation.1.4 Coaching rolesThe Coaches roleEstablishes the boundaries, e.g. Frequency and continuance of sessions as well as the session structure. Explains what coaching is and is not, and asks permission to explain when issues go beyond what is permissible in coaching. Helps the coachee set goals through questions. Showing invade, activity listening, being non-judgmental. Shows confidence in coachee t o find own solutions. Helps coachee gain insight through questioning, listening and challenging them. Encourages forward movement and thinking.Helps coachee set SMART goals and feedback on those goals.Holds coachee accountable for his/her own progress and does not own the actions.The Coachee roleCommits to the coaching process and be an lively plowshare.Takes ownership of their progress.Is honest, open and shares information with the coach.Willing to discover more than self awareness.Takes ownership and willingness to move forward with agreed actions to achieve goals. Understands that the coach is only human and that mistakes from both the coachee and the coach may be make along the journey.1.5 The benefits of coachingIndividualIncreased Confidence and self awareness from developing own solutions and goals (ILM,2007). consecrated time to discuss own performance and ownership on how to improve it. Better understanding of their constituent within their role related to the organisa tions objectives.OrganisationMotivated staff leading to better staff retentiveness throughout the organisation. Improved communication and relationships between management and staff. Improve business knowledge and skills in unique(predicate) areas related to the organisation (ILM, 2007).1.6 How to implement a coaching culture within an organisation Bringing in external coaches would be dependent on cost External coaches are costly, although may be more dependent and more reliant to complete agreed actions, but are more likely to be used short term and small scale (Beevers, 2010). External coaches are more likely to be brought to coach executive level management (Beevers, 2010), or to train up in-house coaches who can then coach at lower levels of management and/or line managed staff within the organisation as part of the development process (Harrison, 2009). 1.7 Developing in-house coachingAdvantagesCoach will have existing knowledge of the organisation and understands the organis ations objectives. Can be more cost effective when coaching a large workforce in comparison to bring in an external coach. As a manager/coach can offer immediate coaching to team members when issues arise.DisadvantagesCoachee may not be willing to open up to coach about issues, especially is coach is their line manager due to lack of trust of confidentiality. Conflict of interest if coach is a manager They have their own targets to achieve which might affect the aims or outcome of the coaching session. Costs of training, supervising and time from normal workload to coach if internal employees are learn to become coaches (Harrison 2009).ReferencesBeevers, K and Andrew, R., 2010. Learning and Development Practice. CPID. Harrison, R. 2009., Learning and development. 5th edition. CIPD. ILM. May 2011., Creating a coaching culture. ILM.Starr, J. 2008., The Coaching Manual. Person Education Ltd.Advantages and disadvantages of different types of coaching relationship Online Available at Accessed 31/09/13.

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Questions and Hypothesis Essay Example for Free

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Questions and Hypothesis riseJung (2007) undercoat that general pedagogy teachers attitudes toward the integration of students with disabilities reflect a lack of authority both in their own instructional skills and in the quality of corroborate personnel currently provides. cosmopolitan and fussy education teachers are placed in inclusive classroom deposittings for the betterment of the student however, grooming is not as heartive when general education teachers are not properly trained on or comfortable with the technology. Thousand and Villa (2000) in McLaren, Bausch, Ault (2007), found that providing teach for exclusively teachers willing result in improved academic and social outcomes for students with disabilities, plus their teachers will become empowered . The problem is the have for more than collaborative information for inclusion teachers in an effort to efficaciously plan curriculum and increase their levels o f bureau with the use of AT devices.The specific problem is the need to develop a program to train inclusion teachers on the use of AT devices needed to effectively plan for students with disabilities. This study will use a quantitative mode and a Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodology. The PAR will be conducted by dividing the study into two sequence phases. The first phase will include developing the training program, introducing staple fiber AT devices that can be used for all students, and reflection of the first training. Phase two will include training for advanced AT devices that are developed for specific student needs, developing a lesson with the use of one general and one advanced AT device, and the opportunity to teach the lesson. The results should interest schoolhouse districts that helping students with disabilities in an effort to improve effective coaction for inclusion teachers, thus promoting a adept of teamwork to improve student achievement throu gh the use of technology.Revised Purpose Statement- Quantitative StudyThe nominate of this quantitative research study is to develop a training program for special(prenominal) and general education inclusion teachers that will focus on strategies for educational development, effective academic structuring, and increased teacher support systems with the use of Assistive Technology. The data collection design will include play alongs before, during, and aftereach phase, trainings to weapon the program, and field opportunities to discern the areas of improvement and to test the validity of the program. The people will be composed of basal school teachers who are placed in inclusion settings without prior training. The sample and sample set will include three novice and three veteran elementary inclusion teachers selected from grades 3-5 based on survey results. The geographical area will include three local elementary feeder schools that house special education programs in the South Fulton County area of Georgia. Quantitative Research Questions and HypothesisRQ To what degree, if at all, will training in Assistive Technology boost effective academic structuring and teacher collaboration in inclusive classroom settings?HO The degree of training in Assistive Technology will not promote effective academic structuring and teacher collaboration in inclusive classroom settings.HA The degree of training in Assistive Technology will positively promote effective academic structuring and teacher collaboration in inclusive classroom settings.Revised Problem Statement Qualitative StudyAl-Shammari and Yawkey (2008) believe that special education students require the elaboration of parents to be successful for overall development and in their education programs. Parents are encouraged to go into by offering physical and psychological assistance to the special education teachers in an effort to monitor and manage student progress. However, the lack of support, knowl edge, time, and resources result in the unwillingness to participate. Bird (2006) found that increasing agnate involvement through technology may have a positive effect on the development of special education students and parents. The problem is the need for scientific resources that promote parental involvement for improving the educational development of special education students. The specific problem is identifying the technology that most effectively increases parental involvement in special education. This study will use a qualitative method and case study similar to Hartas (2008) study of the effects of parentalinvolvement on students with Autism. Parents will participate in semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and classroom observations to determine what motivates them to be involved. The results should interest special education teachers who require assistance from parents in order for students to attend school daily, participate in instruction, and continue to exh ibit progression in all areas of development. Revised Purpose Statement- Qualitative StudyThe declare oneself of this qualitative case study is to identify the technological resources that are most effective in promote parents of special education students to be involved in the students education. The data collection design will include questionnaires, observations, schedule restructuring, community involvement, and semi-structured interviews to identify the areas of improvement. The population will be composed of parents who have elementary-aged special needs children. The sample and sample set will include ten parents five from two-parent working class homes and five from single-parent working class homes. The geographical area will include two (of the three) selected elementary feeder schools, based on survey results, that service special education students in the South Fulton County area of Georgia who are most in need of an intervention. Qualitative Research QuestionWhat are the most effective technological resources that assist in encouraging parents of students with special needs to be involved in their childs education?ReferencesAl-Shammari, Z., Yawkey, T. (2008). Extent of parental involvement in improving the students levels in special education programs in Kuwait. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 35(2), 140-150. Bird, K. (2006). How do you spell parental involvement? S-I-S. The Journal, 33(7), 38. Hartas, D. (2008). Practices of parental participation A case study. Educational Psychology in Practice, 24(2), 139-153. Jung, W. (2007). Preservice teacher training for successful inclusion. Education, 128(1), 106-113. McLaren, E. M., Bausch, M. E., Ault, M. (2007). Collaboration strategies reportedby teachers providing assistive technology services. Journal of peculiar(a) Education Technology, 22(4), 16-29.Week 5 ReviewComponents2 points Expected elements are included.Articulation5 points As noted, there are shortcomings regarding population an d sample. * 1 point Presentation2 points Writing and formatting are well done. Total9 points A good start toward purpose statements aligned with problem.